A 1 month old presents with a 2 week history of a red slightly raised plaque on the left forehead, periorbital area and malar cheek with a rim of vasoconstriction around it. The lesion has been thickening each day per mm. What syndrome is likely?
**Core Concept**
The question describes a clinical presentation of a rapidly growing, red, and raised plaque with a rim of vasoconstriction, which is suggestive of a specific dermatological syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by a cutaneous lesion that grows rapidly and is often accompanied by systemic symptoms.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The described clinical presentation is consistent with a diagnosis of **Erythema Infectiosum**. Erythema infectiosum, also known as fifth disease, is a viral exanthem caused by Parvovirus B19. The characteristic "slapped-cheek" appearance, which is often accompanied by a rash on the extremities, is a classic symptom of this condition. The rapid growth of the lesion, as described in the question, is also consistent with erythema infectiosum.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This is not a correct answer because Erythema Infectiosum typically presents with a "slapped-cheek" appearance and a rash on the extremities, not a single plaque on the forehead and periorbital area.
* **Option B:** This is not a correct answer because while Erysipelas can present with a raised, red plaque, it typically affects the face and is caused by Streptococcus bacteria, which is not consistent with the described clinical presentation.
* **Option C:** This is not a correct answer because while Impetigo can present with a raised, red plaque, it typically affects the face and is caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus bacteria, which is not consistent with the described clinical presentation.
* **Option D:** This is not a correct answer because while Dermatitis Herpetiformis can present with a raised, itchy plaque, it typically affects the extensor surfaces and is associated with celiac disease, which is not consistent with the described clinical presentation.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Erythema infectiosum is a common cause of a viral exanthem in children, and the "slapped-cheek" appearance is a classic symptom. It is essential to consider this diagnosis in children presenting with a rash and systemic symptoms.
**Correct Answer: A. Erythema Infectiosum.**