**Core Concept**
Topical mitomycin C is an antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis by cross-linking DNA strands, thereby preventing cell division. It is used in ophthalmology to prevent scarring and promote healing in various ocular surface disorders.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Mitomycin C works by alkylating DNA, specifically by forming cross-links between guanine nucleotides, which prevents DNA replication and transcription. This mechanism is particularly effective in preventing fibroblast proliferation and subsequent scarring in the treatment of pterygium, a common ocular surface disorder. The use of mitomycin C in ophthalmology has been well-established, with numerous studies demonstrating its efficacy in reducing recurrence rates and promoting healing.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because mitomycin C is not primarily used in the treatment of conjunctivitis.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because while mitomycin C may be used in some cases of corneal ulcers, it is not its primary indication.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because mitomycin C is not typically used in the treatment of glaucoma.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Mitomycin C is often used in combination with other treatments, such as surgical excision and cryotherapy, to enhance its effectiveness in preventing pterygium recurrence.

**Correct Answer:** D. Pterygium.