**Core Concept**
Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used in the treatment of infertility in women with ovulatory dysfunction. Its primary mechanism of action involves binding to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, which leads to an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, resulting in an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) release.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Clomiphene works by initially blocking estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to a decrease in negative feedback on GnRH release. This results in an increase in GnRH secretion, which in turn stimulates the pituitary gland to release more FSH and LH. The increased levels of FSH stimulate follicular growth in the ovaries, while the increased levels of LH trigger ovulation. This mechanism is essential for inducing ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or other ovulatory disorders.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Clomiphene's primary mechanism of action is not through direct stimulation of the ovaries, but rather through modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
**Option B:** Clomiphene does not primarily work by increasing estrogen levels in the body; in fact, it initially blocks estrogen receptors to stimulate GnRH release.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that clomiphene is a weak estrogen agonist in some tissues, such as the liver and uterus, which can lead to side effects like hot flashes and vaginal bleeding.

**Correct Answer:** C.