The active principle of abrus precatorius is:
**Core Concept**
Abrus precatorius, commonly known as jequirity or rosary pea, is a plant with seeds containing a toxic principle that has been used in traditional medicine. The active principle in question is a natural toxin with complex pharmacological properties.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The active principle of Abrus precatorius is abrin, a highly toxic lectin that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 60S ribosomal subunit. This binding prevents the formation of the 80S initiation complex, thereby inhibiting peptide elongation and ultimately leading to cell death. The toxic effects of abrin are similar to those of ricin, another plant toxin.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not relevant to the question.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because Abrus precatorius is not associated with this compound.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because Abrus precatorius is not associated with this compound.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Abrin is particularly hazardous because it is a highly potent toxin with a relatively low LD50 value, making it a significant threat in cases of accidental or intentional ingestion.
**Correct Answer:** C. Abrin