The parents of an 8-yr old boy complained of frequent severe bleeding on minor trauma When they consulted a dentist for a decayed tooth, he advised for checking of prothrombin time (PT) and plasma thromboplastin time (PTT), which would be as follows

**Core Concept**
The underlying principle being tested is the understanding of coagulation disorders, specifically the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood coagulation, and how they relate to **prothrombin time (PT)** and **plasma thromboplastin time (PTT)**.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Given the context of frequent severe bleeding on minor trauma, this suggests a coagulation disorder. The **intrinsic pathway** is measured by **PTT**, and the **extrinsic pathway** is measured by **PT**. A defect in the intrinsic pathway (e.g., Hemophilia A or B) would lead to an elevated **PTT** with a normal **PT**.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This would suggest a problem with both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, which is not specifically indicated by the scenario provided.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not align with the typical presentation of coagulation disorders related to trauma and dental procedures.
**Option C:** This is not the correct answer as it does not fit the clinical presentation of bleeding disorders related to minor trauma.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that **Hemophilia A and B** typically present with elevated **PTT** and normal **PT**, as they are deficiencies of factors within the intrinsic coagulation pathway.

**Correct Answer:** D. Elevated PTT with normal PT.

✓ Correct Answer: C. PT is normal, PTT is prolonged