**Core Concept**
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a complex condition characterized by physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Effective management of PMS requires a comprehensive approach, considering pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and lifestyle modifications.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been extensively studied and shown to be effective in treating PMS symptoms. SSRIs, such as fluoxetine, increase the levels of serotonin in the synaptic cleft, thereby enhancing serotonergic activity. This action helps alleviate symptoms like mood swings, anxiety, and irritability associated with PMS. The efficacy of SSRIs in PMS is attributed to their ability to modulate the serotonin system, which plays a crucial role in mood regulation and emotional processing.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** While benzodiazepines may provide temporary relief from anxiety symptoms, they are not a recommended treatment for PMS due to their potential for dependence and withdrawal symptoms.
**Option B:** Hormonal therapies, such as birth control pills, may help regulate menstrual cycles but are not the most effective treatment for PMS symptoms.
**Option C:** Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help alleviate physical symptoms like cramps and headaches but do not address the emotional and behavioral aspects of PMS.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
SSRIs, particularly fluoxetine, are a first-line treatment for PMS due to their efficacy in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. Remember the acronym "FLUOX" to associate fluoxetine with PMS treatment.

**Correct Answer: C. Fluoxetine**