All of the following are associated with breech presentation at normal full term pregnancy, except :
**Core Concept**
Breech presentation is a complication in obstetrics where the fetus is positioned to be born feet or buttocks first, rather than the normal head-first position. This can increase the risk of complications during delivery.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Breech presentation at term is often associated with an increased risk of umbilical cord prolapse, which can lead to fetal distress and compromise oxygenation. This is due to the fact that the umbilical cord can become compressed or prolapse through the cervix, disrupting the normal flow of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. Additionally, breech presentation can also be associated with an increased risk of placental abruption, which is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, leading to fetal distress and maternal hemorrhage.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the internal cervical os, and is not directly associated with breech presentation.
**Option B:** Uterine anomalies, such as a bicornuate or septate uterus, can increase the risk of breech presentation, so this option is incorrect.
**Option C:** Oligohydramnios, or decreased amniotic fluid, can increase the risk of breech presentation, so this option is also incorrect.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that breech presentation at term is often associated with an increased risk of complications, and prompt evaluation and management by an obstetrician are crucial to ensure a safe delivery.
**Correct Answer:** A.