**Core Concept**
Preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV involves various strategies to reduce the risk of transmission from an HIV-positive mother to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. This concept is crucial for public health and individual patient care.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Effective strategies for preventing MTCT of HIV include antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the mother, elective cesarean delivery before the onset of labor and before the rupture of membranes (to reduce the risk of HIV transmission during vaginal delivery), and antiretroviral prophylaxis for the newborn. These interventions have been shown to significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is not a valid strategy for preventing MTCT of HIV. The correct approach is to administer antiretroviral therapy to the mother and provide antiretroviral prophylaxis to the newborn, rather than relying on a single, unspecified intervention.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because while antiretroviral therapy is a crucial component of preventing MTCT of HIV, the statement is too vague to be considered an effective strategy on its own.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because while antiretroviral prophylaxis for the newborn is an effective strategy, the statement is incomplete and does not provide a comprehensive approach to preventing MTCT of HIV.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that the World Health Organization recommends a combination of antiretroviral therapy for the mother, elective cesarean delivery before 38 weeks of gestation, and antiretroviral prophylaxis for the newborn to prevent MTCT of HIV. This combination approach has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child.

**Correct Answer:** D