**Core Concept**
Isolation in a medical context refers to the process of separating patients with infectious diseases to prevent the spread of infection to others. This can be achieved through various measures such as quarantine, hospital isolation, or home isolation. The goal of isolation is to break the chain of transmission and prevent the spread of disease.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Isolation is typically carried out in patients with highly contagious diseases such as tuberculosis, SARS, or influenza. However, isolation is not usually carried out in patients with non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension. This is because these diseases are not transmitted from person to person and therefore do not pose a risk to others.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Isolation is not typically carried out in patients with cancer, as cancer is not contagious and does not pose a risk to others.
**Option B:** Isolation is not usually carried out in patients with chronic kidney disease, as this condition is not contagious and does not require isolation.
**Option C:** Isolation is not typically carried out in patients with chronic liver disease, as this condition is not contagious and does not require isolation.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to note that while isolation is not typically carried out in patients with non-communicable diseases, these patients may still require hospitalization or other forms of care to manage their condition.

**Correct Answer:** C.