**Core Concept**
The question is testing the understanding of factors that contribute to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). Intraocular pressure is the pressure within the eye, and an increase in IOP can lead to various eye-related disorders, including glaucoma.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of IOP. The trabecular meshwork is a critical structure in the eye where aqueous humor is drained out, thereby regulating IOP. Any condition that affects the trabecular meshwork or its function can lead to an increase in IOP. For example, conditions such as pigment dispersion syndrome, uveitis, or neovascular glaucoma can lead to an increase in IOP due to the blockage of the trabecular meshwork.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not directly relate to the regulation of IOP. While systemic hypertension can have various effects on the eye, it is not a direct cause of increased IOP.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is a treatment for glaucoma, not a cause of increased IOP.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of glaucoma, not a cause of increased IOP.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key factor to remember is that any condition that affects the trabecular meshwork or its function can lead to an increase in IOP. This includes conditions such as pigment dispersion syndrome, uveitis, or neovascular glaucoma.

**Correct Answer: D. Trabecular meshwork**