**Core Concept**
Malpractice is a form of negligence or misconduct by a medical professional, which can result in harm to a patient. The punishment for malpractice is a critical aspect of medical ethics and law, ensuring accountability and maintaining patient trust.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The punishment for malpractice is typically handed down by a court of law, as it is a legal issue. The court may impose various penalties, including fines, suspension, or revocation of medical licenses. In some cases, medical professionals may also face civil lawsuits, resulting in compensatory damages to the affected patients. This process aims to hold medical professionals accountable for their actions and prevent future instances of malpractice.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect as malpractice cases are not typically handled by medical councils, which focus on disciplinary actions for minor infractions or unethical behavior.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as malpractice cases are not resolved through arbitration, which is a less formal process for resolving disputes between parties.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as malpractice cases are not primarily handled by medical licensing boards, which focus on issuing and revoking medical licenses.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
One key point to remember is that malpractice cases can have significant financial and reputational consequences for medical professionals, highlighting the importance of maintaining high standards of patient care and adhering to medical ethics.

**Correct Answer: D. Court of law**