Epithelial lining of glottis/ true vocal cords: March 2013 (c)
The glottis is part of the larynx, and the true vocal cords are part of the glottis. The epithelium here is different from other parts of the respiratory tract. Let me think. The respiratory tract is usually lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, but the vocal cords have a different lining. Wait, the true vocal cords are covered by stratified squamous epithelium, right? Because they're subject to more mechanical stress from vibration during speech. Stratified squamous is better for protection against abrasion.
So the correct answer should be stratified squamous epithelium. The options might include pseudostratified ciliated columnar, stratified squamous, simple squamous, or maybe transitional. Let me confirm. The false vocal cords (ventricular folds) are lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, but the true vocal cords (vocal folds) have stratified squamous. That makes sense because the true vocal cords are in the glottis and are involved in phonation, so they need a more durable epithelium.
Now, the wrong options: Option A could be pseudostratified ciliated columnar, which is found in the upper trachea and laryngeal ventricle. Option B might be simple squamous, which is found in alveoli but not here. Option D could be transitional, which is in the urinary system. The key is that the true vocal cords have stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium.
Clinical pearl: Remember that the true vocal cords (glottis) have stratified squamous, while the false vocal cords have pseudostratified. This distinction is important for pathology, like in laryngeal cancer, as the types of epithelium differ in their susceptibility to malignancy.
**Core Concept**
The epithelial lining of the glottis and true vocal cords is a key anatomical feature of the larynx. The true vocal cords are covered by **non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium**, distinct from the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lining the rest of the larynx. This adaptation protects against mechanical stress from vocal fold vibration.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The true vocal cords (glottis) are subjected to repetitive friction and vibration during phonation. **Stratified squamous epithelium** provides mechanical resilience, preventing damage from these forces. It is non-keratinized to maintain flexibility, which is essential for vocal fold vibration and sound production. This contrasts with the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium in the laryngeal ventricle and upper larynx, which functions in mucociliary clearance.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lines the laryngeal ventr