**Core Concept**
Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics known for their bactericidal activity against gram-negative bacteria. Their mechanism of action involves binding to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. However, aminoglycosides can also cause several adverse effects due to their mechanism of action and interactions with human tissues.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Aminoglycosides can cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity as adverse effects. Nephrotoxicity occurs due to the accumulation of aminoglycosides in the renal cortex, leading to damage to the proximal tubular cells. Ototoxicity is caused by the accumulation of aminoglycosides in the inner ear, leading to damage to the cochlear hair cells and the vestibular apparatus. This results in symptoms such as tinnitus, hearing loss, and balance disturbances.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is a potential adverse effect of aminoglycosides, as they can cause nephrotoxicity, which can lead to acute kidney injury.
**Option B:** This option is also a potential adverse effect of aminoglycosides, as they can cause ototoxicity, which can result in hearing loss and balance disturbances.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because aminoglycosides are not typically associated with this adverse effect. Aminoglycosides are not known to cause significant cardiac toxicity.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To minimize the risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, aminoglycosides should be used cautiously in patients with pre-existing kidney or ear problems. It is essential to monitor renal function and auditory function regularly during treatment with aminoglycosides.

**Correct Answer:** C.