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7023 Pathology

A 44-year-old man, a nonsmoker, has experienced a 3-kg weight loss over the past 3 months. He recently developed a low-grade fever and cough with mucoid sputum production, and after 1 week, he noticed blood-streaked sputum. On physical examination, his temperature is 37.7deg C. There are bilateral crackles in the left upper lobe on auscultation of the chest. Chest CT scan shows a 3-cm left upper lobe nodule with decreased attenuation centrally. Laboratory studies show hemoglobin, 14.5 g/dL; platelet count, 211,400/ mm3; and WBC count, 9890/ mm3 with 40% segmented neutrophils, 2% bands, 40% lymphocytes, and 18% monocytes. Which of the following findings in his sputum sample is most likely to be present?

AAcid-fast bacilli
BBranching septate hyphae
CCharcot-Leyden crystals
DForeign body giant cells
Pathology
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7027 Pathology

A six month old baby girl who was normal at bih, begins to show signs of motor retardation. While she could sit up at 5 months, she can no longer do so. As time goes on, the child continues to deteriorate, and eventually becomes unresponsive to visual or auditory stimuli. Funduscopic examination reveals cherry-red macular spots in both eyes. Which of the following genetic abnormalities is most often related to the development of this disease?

AConfined placental mosaicism
BExpanded trinucleotide repeat
CFrameshift mutation
DNondisjunction
Pathology
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