Genomic imprinting is seen in –
## Core Concept
Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon where the expression of a gene depends on its parental origin. This means that if the allele inherited from one parent is imprinted, it will be silenced, and only the allele from the other parent will be expressed. This process is crucial for normal development and growth.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct answer, **Prader-Willi syndrome**, is associated with genomic imprinting. Prader-Willi syndrome occurs when there is a loss of function of genes on chromosome 15 inherited from the father. This condition is characterized by severe infantile hypotonia, poor feeding, and failure to thrive, followed by hyperphagia and obesity in later childhood. The genes involved in Prader-Willi syndrome are normally imprinted, meaning their expression depends on their parental origin.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
* **Option A:** While certain genetic syndromes and conditions are associated with genomic imprinting, the specific association with Prader-Willi syndrome makes **Option B** the correct choice. Without specific details on **Option A**, we acknowledge that genomic imprinting is a specific mechanism not generally described by option A.
* **Option C:** Similarly, without specifics, we recognize that genomic imprinting is indeed a critical concept in genetics but is particularly noted for conditions like Prader-Willi syndrome, not generally described here.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because, while Angelman syndrome is also an imprinting disorder, it is caused by the loss of function of the UBE3A gene on chromosome 15 inherited from the mother, not the father.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key point to remember is that both Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome are caused by issues with chromosome 15 but through different parental origins and mechanisms. This highlights the importance of genomic imprinting in developmental disorders.
## Correct Answer: B. Prader-Willi syndrome.