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A 24-year-old woman has throbbing left-sided headaches which get worsen with movement and got aggravated by loud noises. She also has nausea along with it. Patient needs a dark quiet room during episodes. Which of the following best explains the pathogenesis of the patient's headache syndrome?
Diffuse muscular contraction of the neck and scalp
Disinhibition of the central pacemaker neurons in the posterior hypothalamic region
Dysfunction of monoaminergic sensory control systems in brainstem and hypothalamus
Focal cerebral vasodilation in the region of the brain that is the focus of the pain
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