A 35-year-old man is taken to the emergency depament because he is coughing up large volumes of blood. He does not have any history suggestive of exposure to tuberculosis, and a chest x-ray film does not show a mass lesion. Chest x-ray films performed on the day of admission and daily for the next several days show asymmetric densities in both lungs that vary in shape and position from film to film. Urinary screening shows hematuria and proteinuria, and the urinary sediment contains cellular and granular casts. Renal biopsy shows rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with prominent epithelial cell crescents. The mechanism causing this patient's disease is closest to the mechanism underlying which of the following diseases?