**Core Concept**
Wolfram syndrome, also known as DIDMOAD (Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy, and Deafness), is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the premature onset of several endocrine and neurological disorders.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Wolfram syndrome is caused by mutations in the WFS1 gene, which encodes a protein involved in the proper functioning of the endoplasmic reticulum. The disease leads to the degeneration of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. It also affects the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, causing impaired hormone regulation. The optic nerve is affected, leading to optic atrophy and vision loss.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not provided, so we'll move on to the next one.
**Option B:** This option is not provided.
**Option C:** This option is not provided.
**Option D:** This option is not provided.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Wolfram syndrome often presents in childhood or adolescence, with symptoms progressing rapidly. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent complications and improve quality of life.
**Correct Answer:** Not provided, as the question lacks options A, B, C, and D.
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