Which statement concerning polyhydramnios is true?
**Core Concept**
Polyhydramnios refers to an excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid, characterized by a volume of amniotic fluid above the 97th percentile for gestational age. This condition is often associated with fetal anomalies or maternal diabetes.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Polyhydramnios is typically caused by fetal anomalies such as esophageal atresia, duodenal atresia, or congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which impair the fetus's ability to swallow and digest amniotic fluid. The excess fluid is also seen in maternal diabetes, where fetal macrosomia and polyuria can lead to increased amniotic fluid production. In some cases, polyhydramnios can also be caused by maternal conditions such as renal disease or multiple gestations.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because polyhydramnios is not typically associated with oligohydramnios, which is characterized by a decreased volume of amniotic fluid.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because polyhydramnios is not typically caused by maternal hypertension, although it can be a complication of preeclampsia.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because polyhydramnios is not typically associated with preterm labor, although it can be a risk factor for preterm birth.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical consideration in polyhydramnios is the risk of preterm labor and fetal distress, making regular fetal monitoring and delivery planning essential.
**Correct Answer:** C.