Which of the following statements about pneumococcus is false –
**Core Concept**
The question tests knowledge of *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, also known as pneumococcus, a significant human pathogen. Pneumococcus is a gram-positive, lancet-shaped bacterium that can cause various infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Without the specific options, the general approach to determining the false statement about pneumococcus involves understanding its characteristics, such as its capsule composition (*polysaccharide capsule*), its role in disease (*opportunistic pathogen*), and its susceptibility to antibiotics (*penicillin-sensitive and resistant strains*).
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Would be incorrect if it stated a true characteristic of pneumococcus, such as its ability to cause pneumonia.
**Option B:** Might be incorrect if it mentioned pneumococcus being a gram-negative bacterium, which is false since pneumococcus is gram-positive.
**Option C:** Could be incorrect if it discussed pneumococcus having a capsule made of something other than polysaccharide.
**Option D:** Might be incorrect if it stated pneumococcus is always resistant to penicillin, which is not true as susceptibility varies.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that the *polysaccharide capsule* of pneumococcus is a major virulence factor, and vaccines targeting this capsule are effective in preventing pneumococcal disease.
**Correct Answer:** D. Pneumococcus is always resistant to penicillin.