Which of the following is the LEAST likely to be associated with gross hematuria?
Correct Answer: Acute glomerulonephritis
Description: Gross hematuria is the term used to describe pink-to-red-tinged urine color due to the presence of a relatively large amount of blood. Although microscopic hematuria is frequently present in acute glomerulonephritis, the total amount of blood in the urine is usually not sufficient to result in gross hematuria. Renal trauma can produce enough damage to the renal vasculature to result in the loss of large amounts of blood into the urine and the development of gross hematuria. Ureteral calculi often present with gross hematuria secondary to injury to the mucosa of the ureter. Similarly, injury to the bladder mucosa in acute cystitis can result in considerable blood loss, hence the expression "hemorrhagic cystitis". Necrosis of tumor tissue can result in blood loss from bladder neoplasms, which often present with gross hematuria. Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed, page 554-559
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