## Core Concept
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a regulated process of cell elimination that plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing disease. It involves a series of cellular changes, including cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and membrane blebbing. Apoptosis is characterized by the activation of specific enzymes called caspases.

## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct answer, , is associated with the process of apoptosis. During apoptosis, cells undergo fragmentation into smaller units called apoptotic bodies, and one of the hallmark features is the presence of **DNA fragmentation**. This occurs due to the activation of caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD) or endonuclease G, which cleaves the DNA into smaller fragments.

## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
**Option A:** - This option does not accurately describe a characteristic feature of apoptosis.
**Option B:** - While inflammation is a response to cell injury, it is not a direct feature of apoptosis. Apoptosis is typically characterized by the absence of an inflammatory response.
**Option D:** - This option does not accurately represent a feature of apoptosis.

## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key clinical pearl is that **apoptosis is crucial for development and maintaining health**. For example, during embryonic development, apoptosis helps eliminate unnecessary cells, and in adults, it helps remove damaged cells that could otherwise progress to cancer. A defect in apoptosis can lead to cancer, autoimmune diseases, or neurodegenerative disorders.

## Correct Answer Line
**Correct Answer: C. DNA fragmentation.**