Which of the following is false about G6PD deficiency?
**Core Concept**
G6PD (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the enzyme responsible for protecting red blood cells from oxidative damage. This deficiency leads to hemolysis, particularly in response to certain medications, infections, and foods.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
G6PD deficiency is an X-linked recessive disorder, primarily affecting males, as they have only one X chromosome. Females can be carriers of the mutation, but they usually exhibit milder symptoms due to the presence of a second X chromosome. The enzyme G6PD is crucial in maintaining the reduced state of glutathione, which protects red blood cells from oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. Deficiency in this enzyme results in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, leading to hemolysis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This statement might be true, as G6PD deficiency is indeed more common in certain populations, such as those of African, Mediterranean, or Asian descent. However, the question is asking for a false statement.
**Option B:** This statement is true, as G6PD deficiency is associated with hemolytic anemia, particularly in response to certain medications like primaquine or antimalarial drugs.
**Option C:** This statement is also true, as G6PD deficiency can be triggered by certain foods, such as fava beans, or infections like malaria.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that G6PD deficiency can be diagnosed through a simple blood test, and individuals with this condition should avoid medications and foods that can trigger hemolysis. This knowledge is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide appropriate management and counseling to affected patients.
**Correct Answer: None**