**Core Concept**
Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. It binds to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, preventing the initiation of protein synthesis. However, its binding to the ribosome also causes damage to the inner ear and kidney cells, leading to specific side effects.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The ototoxicity of streptomycin is a well-documented side effect, particularly its tendency to cause vestibulotoxicity, leading to a loss of balance and equilibrium. This is due to the drug's ability to bind to the hair cells in the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear. Additionally, streptomycin can also cause nephrotoxicity, leading to kidney damage and impaired renal function. The mechanism of nephrotoxicity involves the accumulation of the drug in the renal cortex, where it causes damage to the renal tubules.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Ototoxicity is a known side effect of aminoglycosides, but it is not the only one. Other options must be considered to determine the correct answer.
* **Option B:** Nephrotoxicity is indeed a side effect of streptomycin, but it is not the correct answer since we are looking for a specific effect.
* **Option C:** There is no evidence to suggest that streptomycin causes this side effect.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Aminoglycosides, including streptomycin, can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, especially with prolonged use or high doses. This is why monitoring of renal function and hearing is essential when using these antibiotics.

**Correct Answer:** B. Nephrotoxicity.