**Core Concept:** The lens capsule is a thin, transparent sac that surrounds the lens of the eye and provides structural support. It is formed from the outer layer of the lens, called the zonules.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Option C, "Keratoplasty," refers to a surgical procedure where a portion of the cornea is transplanted to replace a diseased or damaged cornea. This procedure does not involve the lens capsule since it is related to the cornea, not the lens.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. **Phacoemulsification:** This is the surgical technique used for cataract removal, where an ultrasound probe is used to fragment and emulsify the cataractous lens, followed by aspiration of the fragmented material. This option involves the lens capsule as part of the cataract removal process.

B. **Lens luxation:** This term refers to the dislocation of the lens from its normal position within the eye. It involves the lens capsule as the zonules, which anchor the lens capsule to the ciliary body, may be implicated in this condition.

D. **Corneal transplant:** This procedure, similar to keratoplasty, involves replacing a damaged part of the cornea. Unlike keratoplasty, it does not involve the lens capsule, making it incorrect.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact:** In cases of congenital cataract, aphakia (the absence of the lens) may occur alongside microphthalmia (abnormally small eye). To prevent secondary glaucoma, a tensioned intraocular lens (IOL) is placed within the intact lens capsule during cataract surgery, ensuring proper IOL fixation and preventing hypotony (low intraocular pressure).