**Core Concept**
The question is testing the understanding of a specific disease entity that predominantly affects females. This disease is characterized by a distinct pathophysiological mechanism that is influenced by hormonal factors.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)**. SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and systems in the body. It is known to be more common in females, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 9:1. The exact reason for this gender predilection is not fully understood, but hormonal influences, particularly the effects of estrogen, are thought to play a role. Estrogen is believed to modulate the immune system, leading to increased susceptibility to autoimmunity in females.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is another autoimmune disease that affects the joints, but it is not confined mostly to females. While females are more commonly affected than males, the gender ratio is not as skewed as in SLE.
* **Option B:** Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, but it is not predominantly seen in females. The gender ratio in MS is not as skewed as in SLE, and males are more commonly affected than females.
* **Option C:** Sjögren's Syndrome is an autoimmune disease that affects the exocrine glands, particularly the salivary and lacrimal glands. While females are more commonly affected than males, the gender ratio is not as skewed as in SLE.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
SLE is a classic example of a disease that is influenced by hormonal factors, particularly estrogen. This is why SLE is more common in females and often affects women of childbearing age. Understanding the hormonal influences on SLE can help clinicians tailor treatment and management strategies to individual patients.

**Correct Answer:** C. Sjögren's Syndrome