**Question:** Which of the following cements have anti-cariogenic property:

A. Glass ionomer cement (GIC)
B. Composite resin
C. Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC)
D. Ceramic cement

**Core Concept:** The anti-cariogenic property refers to substances or materials that can prevent or reduce the formation of dental caries, which is a dental disease caused by bacterial action on the tooth surface. In this context, we are discussing dental cements with anti-cariogenic properties.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**

Correct Answer: C. Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC)

The anti-cariogenic property in RMGIC comes from its composition, which includes both glass particles (glass ionomer cements) and a resin matrix. Glass particles release fluoride ions that help to remineralize enamel and decrease cariogenic bacteria growth, thus preventing or reducing dental caries.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC): Although GIC releases fluoride ions, the resin component in RMGIC is what provides the additional cariostatic effect and makes RMGIC more effective in preventing dental caries.

B. Composite resin: Composite resins primarily serve as restorative materials for dental fillings and do not possess the same anti-cariogenic properties as RMGIC due to their absence of glass particles.

D. Ceramic cement: Cementums are dental materials used for bonding or filling, and they do not possess anti-cariogenic properties as they are primarily composed of ceramics.

**Clinical Pearl:** The incorporation of a resin matrix in RMGIC provides it with an enhanced ability to prevent dental caries due to its increased fluoride release and improved mechanical properties compared to GIC. Dentists often choose RMGIC for dental restorations in high caries-prone areas or to treat patients with high caries risk.