Which is not true regarding coeliac disease –
**Core Concept**
Coeliac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by an adverse reaction to gluten, leading to inflammation and damage in the small intestine. The immune system mistakenly identifies gluten as a harmful foreign substance, triggering an immune response that damages the villi and interferes with nutrient absorption.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is not explicitly provided, but we can analyze the typical characteristics of coeliac disease to identify the incorrect option. Coeliac disease is indeed associated with:
- **Option B:** Malabsorption of nutrients, including iron, vitamin B12, and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K).
- **Option C:** Intestinal villous atrophy, which is a hallmark of the disease.
- **Option D:** Elevated levels of tissue transglutaminase antibodies (tTGA) in the blood, a common serological marker.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** Coeliac disease is not typically associated with weight gain or obesity. In fact, many patients present with weight loss due to malabsorption.
- **Option B:** While malabsorption is a common feature, it is not the only consequence of coeliac disease. Other complications include an increased risk of osteoporosis, anemia, and certain cancers.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Coeliac disease is often associated with other autoimmune disorders, such as type 1 diabetes, thyroid disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. A thorough medical history and physical examination are crucial in identifying patients at risk.
**Correct Answer:** A.