Which is not an antero-superior mediastinal mass
Correct Answer: Extra adrenal pheochromocytoma
Description: Anterosuperior Compament The anterosuperior compament of the mediastinum borders the undersurface of the sternum ventrally, the pericardium dorsally, and the visceral pleura laterally (at the apposition of the pleura and pericardium). Tumors of the anterior mediastinum includethymomas, teratoma or germ cell tumors, a spectrum of lympho- mas including Hodgkin disease, and thyroid goiter. In most cases, tissue (core biopsy) is required for diagnosis; fine-needle aspirate is usually inadequate. Thymomas are usually the most frequently occurring neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum, and lymphomas are second. Germ cell neoplasms include benign and malignant teratomas, choriocarcinoma, seminoma, and embryonal cell neoplasm. Teratomas frequently occur in young adults. The gonads are the most common primary site, followed by the mediastinum. Most germ cell neoplasms are benign, but 20% are malignant. Malignant teratomas may produce high serum levels of a-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen. Endocrine disease of the thyroid and parathyroid may occur in the anterior mediastinum as a result of their anatomic position in adults (substernal goiter) or embryologic development. Carcinoid tumors may be foundwithin the thymus. Primary carcinomas of the mediastinum are often unresectable and respond poorly to treatment. Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno: 1608
Category:
Anatomy
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