**Core Concept**
Enveloped viruses are a type of virus that have a lipid envelope derived from the host cell membrane, which surrounds their capsid. This lipid envelope plays a crucial role in the virus's attachment to the host cell and its entry into the cell.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Enveloped viruses, such as herpesviruses, have a lipid envelope that is composed of lipids from the host cell membrane. This envelope is essential for the virus's attachment to the host cell and its entry into the cell through a process called fusion. The envelope also contains viral glycoproteins that help the virus to bind to the host cell receptors. Examples of enveloped viruses include herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because non-enveloped viruses, such as poliovirus, do not have a lipid envelope surrounding their capsid.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because non-enveloped viruses, such as norovirus, do not have a lipid envelope surrounding their capsid.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because non-enveloped viruses, such as rotavirus, do not have a lipid envelope surrounding their capsid.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Enveloped viruses are typically more sensitive to heat, drying, and disinfectants than non-enveloped viruses. This is because the lipid envelope is more susceptible to damage from these agents.
**Correct Answer:** C.
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
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