**Core Concept**
HIV patients are immunocompromised and more susceptible to various opportunistic infections. The pathogenesis of these infections is often related to the compromised immune status of HIV-infected individuals.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the fact that HIV patients are more prone to infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. However, certain infections are not typically common in HIV patients due to their specific immune deficiency profile. For instance, HIV patients tend to have a decreased susceptibility to infections caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. This is because the HIV virus primarily targets CD4+ T cells, which are crucial for the activation of B cells and the production of antibodies.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because tuberculosis (TB) is actually more common in HIV patients due to their compromised immune status, making them more susceptible to opportunistic infections like TB.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a common opportunistic infection in HIV patients, particularly those with a CD4 count below 200 cells/μL.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect because cryptococcal meningitis is a serious opportunistic infection that affects HIV patients with advanced immunosuppression.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
HIV-infected individuals are more susceptible to infections caused by opportunistic pathogens, but their compromised immune status also affects their susceptibility to certain encapsulated bacteria.

**Correct Answer: D. Streptococcus pneumoniae**