**Core Concept**
In recent years, cataract surgery has seen significant advancements in technology and technique, aiming to improve patient outcomes and reduce complications. One such advancement is the introduction of **small incision cataract surgery (SICS)**, also known as **phacoemulsification**.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Phacoemulsification involves the use of ultrasonic waves to break down and remove the cataractous lens, allowing for a smaller incision and faster recovery time. This technique uses a **phacoemulsification probe**, which emits high-frequency ultrasonic waves to emulsify the lens, making it easier to aspirate. The small incision size reduces post-operative pain, inflammation, and the risk of complications such as astigmatism and wound dehiscence.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not relevant to the current advancements in cataract surgery.

**Option B:** Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) is a traditional technique where the lens is removed in one piece, but it involves a larger incision and is not considered a new advancement.

**Option C:** This option is not a recognized term in cataract surgery.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Phacoemulsification has revolutionized cataract surgery by enabling surgeons to perform the procedure through a smaller incision, resulting in faster recovery times and reduced complications.

**Correct Answer:** C. Phacoemulsification.