Ans. (a) Deavers retractorDeavers retractor* Used to retract liver without any damage to liver parenchyma.* Used during Cholecystectomy to retract liver.* Used during Pancreatico jejunostomy to retract Stomach* Used in places where a careful retraction without organ damage is needed.Other RetractorsThompson Self Retaining Liver Retractor* Thompson retractor has multiple arms which can be fixed to a rod which is attached to the Operating table.* Adjustable and Self retaining in nature.Balfours Abdominal Self Retaining retractor:* It's used to retract the lateral abdominal walls.* The third limb-used to retract the bladder downwards. Joll's self retaining Thyroid retractor:* Used during thyroidectomy to retract the platysma.* It's a self retaining retractor.Doyen's Mouth gag:* Used to open mouth during intra oral operations like glossectomy, Cleft palate operations and Ranula surgery.* Used to retract tissues during hernia surgery, Appendectomy etc,* Available in various sizes.Morris retractor:* Used to retract the abdominal wall in a wide manner.* It is the instrument of choice for retraction in left subcostal region because it avoids the risk of splenic injuryCzerny retractor:* Serves the same purpose of a Langenback retractor, but has another limb with a double hook with space in between.* Sutures can be made in the tissues between the gap of hooks.Volkmann's Retractor: (Cat Paw retractor)* Has multiple hooks on one limb* Used to retract the skin flaps and fascia during operations on the surface level- Eg. Sebaceous cyst, Lipoma and Dermoid cyst.