What is the dose of zinc in diarrhea in a one year old child?
**Core Concept**
The management of diarrhea in children involves the use of oral rehydration therapy, along with the administration of zinc supplementation to reduce the duration and severity of the episode. Zinc plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, enhancing the absorption of nutrients, and regulating the immune response.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Zinc supplementation in children with diarrhea has been shown to reduce the duration of the episode by approximately 25%, and also decreases the risk of subsequent episodes. The recommended dose of zinc in children with acute diarrhea is 20 mg per day for 10-14 days. This dose is based on the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the treatment of diarrhea in children.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** 10 mg per day is not sufficient to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, as it may not adequately replenish the body's zinc stores.
**Option B:** 50 mg per day is excessive and may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and vomiting.
**Option C:** 15 mg per day is close to the recommended dose, but it is still lower than the optimal amount required to achieve the therapeutic effect.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to note that zinc supplementation should be initiated within 14 days of the onset of diarrhea to achieve maximum benefit. Additionally, zinc should be given orally, as intravenous administration is not recommended.
**Correct Answer: C. 15 mg per day.