Okay, let's tackle this question about sexual masochism. First, I need to recall the definitions from psychiatry, specifically the DSM-5 criteria. Sexual masochism is a paraphilic disorder where a person derives sexual arousal from being humiliated, beaten, or otherwise made to suffer. The key here is that the behavior is persistent and causes distress or impairment.

The correct answer would be the one that describes this scenario. Now, the options weren't provided, but common distractors might include other paraphilias like sadism, which involves causing harm, or frotteurism, involving rubbing against non-consenting people. Another possible wrong option could be exhibitionism, where the person exposes themselves.

I should make sure to differentiate masochism from sadism. Masochism is about experiencing pain or humiliation for arousal, while sadism is about inflicting it. Also, it's important to note that the behavior must be persistent and cause significant distress or functional impairment to meet the diagnostic criteria.

Clinical pearls here would emphasize the distinction between consensual activities and when they become clinical disorders. For exams, remembering that paraphilic disorders require the behavior to cause distress or harm to qualify as a disorder, even if the behavior itself is consensual. So the correct answer should mention deriving sexual pleasure from being humiliated or suffering, with the necessary criteria for a disorder.

**Core Concept**
Sexual masochism is a paraphilic disorder characterized by persistent, intense sexual arousal from being humiliated, beaten, or otherwise made to suffer. It is classified in the DSM-5 under paraphilic disorders when the behavior causes clinically significant distress or impairment.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct definition emphasizes deriving sexual pleasure from experiencing pain, humiliation, or degradation. This differs from consensual role-play without distress. Neurobiologically, it may involve altered dopaminergic pathways in the brain’s reward system, linking pain stimuli to sexual arousal. Diagnosis requires the behavior to be persistent (>6 months) and cause personal suffering or interpersonal issues.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** If it describes causing harm to others (e.g., sexual sadism), this is incorrect because masochism involves *receiving* pain, not inflicting it.
**Option B:** If it refers to non-consensual acts (e.g., frotteurism), this is unrelated to masochism, which may occur consensually.
**Option C:** If it defines voyeurism (observing others undress), this misrepresents the core mechanism of masochism.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember: "Masochism = *me* getting hurt for pleasure." Contrast with sadism ("*you* getting hurt for my pleasure"). For exams, note that paraphilic disorders require *distress or impairment* to qualify as clinical diagnoses—even if the behavior is consensual.

**Correct Answer: D. Persistent sexual arousal from being humiliated, beaten, or made to suffer, causing distress or impairment.**

✓ Correct Answer: A. Sexual gratification is obtained by suffering pain