What is not true regarding Bochdalek hernia ?
**Core Concept**
Bochdalek hernia is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia that occurs due to a developmental failure of the diaphragm, specifically the posterolateral region. This type of hernia is often associated with a defect in the muscular portion of the diaphragm, which can be unilateral or bilateral.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Bochdalek hernias are typically posterolateral and occur on the left side in approximately 75% of cases. This is because the left side of the diaphragm develops from the pleuroperitoneal membranes, which are more prone to defects. The hernia contains abdominal organs, such as the stomach, small intestine, and liver, that protrude into the thoracic cavity. The presence of these organs can lead to respiratory distress and other complications in affected infants.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Bochdalek hernias are indeed congenital diaphragmatic hernias, which is true. However, this option does not address the specific characteristic of Bochdalek hernias.
**Option B:** Bochdalek hernias typically occur on the left side, not the right side. This option is incorrect because it inverts the typical laterality of Bochdalek hernias.
**Option C:** Bochdalek hernias do not typically occur in the anterior or central regions of the diaphragm. This option is incorrect because it describes a different type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that Bochdalek hernias are often associated with other congenital anomalies, such as cardiac defects, spinal dysraphism, and other diaphragmatic abnormalities. This is why a thorough prenatal or postnatal evaluation is essential for diagnosing and managing Bochdalek hernias.
**Correct Answer:** B. Bochdalek hernias typically occur on the left side.