Vitamin not present in breast milk: March 2009, March 2013 (e)
## **Core Concept**
The question tests knowledge about the vitamin composition of breast milk. Breast milk is known to provide optimal nutrition to infants, including a range of vitamins essential for growth and development. However, there are certain vitamins that are not present in significant amounts or are not present at all in breast milk.
## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Vitamin D is a critical nutrient for infants, crucial for bone growth and development. However, breast milk contains very little vitamin D, making it essential for breastfeeding mothers to have adequate vitamin D levels to ensure their infants receive sufficient amounts, usually through supplements. This is particularly important in regions with limited sunlight, as vitamin D is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight.
## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A:** Vitamin C is present in breast milk and is crucial for the immune system and overall health of the infant.
- **Option B:** Vitamin A is also present in breast milk and plays a vital role in vision, immune function, and skin health.
- **Option D:** Vitamin K, although present in small amounts, is crucial for blood clotting, and its deficiency can lead to bleeding disorders in newborns. However, it is indeed present, albeit in limited quantities, which is why newborns often receive a vitamin K shot at birth.
## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical pearl is that while breast milk provides a comprehensive mix of nutrients, **vitamin D supplementation is often recommended for breastfed infants** to ensure adequate levels, particularly in the absence of sufficient sun exposure or if the mother's vitamin D levels are low.
## **Correct Answer:** .