“Visceral” Larva Migrans is due to:
**Core Concept**
Visceral Larva Migrans (VLM) is a rare but serious condition caused by the migration of larvae of certain nematodes through the body's internal organs. It typically occurs when humans ingest eggs of these parasites, which then hatch and release larvae that penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate to other organs.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is Toxocara cati, a parasite commonly found in cats. The larvae of this parasite can penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate to various organs, including the liver, lungs, and central nervous system, causing VLM. This is due to the lack of a complete immune response against the parasite in humans. The larvae of Toxocara cati can also be found in soil contaminated with cat feces, which can be ingested by humans.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Toxoplasma gondii is incorrect because it causes Toxoplasmosis, a different parasitic infection that primarily affects the central nervous system and eyes. While Toxoplasma can also be found in cat feces, it is not associated with Visceral Larva Migrans.
**Option B:** Ascaris lumbricoides is incorrect because it causes Ascariasis, a parasitic infection that primarily affects the small intestine. While Ascaris can cause intestinal obstruction and other complications, it is not associated with Visceral Larva Migrans.
**Option C:** Anisakis simplex is incorrect because it causes Anisakiasis, a parasitic infection that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. While Anisakis can cause abdominal pain and other symptoms, it is not associated with Visceral Larva Migrans.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Visceral Larva Migrans can be prevented by avoiding contact with cat feces and contaminated soil. Pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk of developing VLM, and should take precautions to avoid exposure.
**Correct Answer:** C. Anisakis simplex