Ligation of which nerve will lead to parasthesia and pain on the dorsum of foot during venesections of great saphenous vein –
**Core Concept**
Ligation of a specific nerve during venesection (surgical removal of a vein) of the great saphenous vein can cause paresthesia (abnormal sensations) and pain on the dorsum (top surface) of the foot. This phenomenon is related to the nerve's anatomical relationship with the great saphenous vein and its distribution to the foot.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the saphenous nerve, which is a branch of the femoral nerve. The saphenous nerve runs parallel to the great saphenous vein, providing sensory innervation to the medial (inner) aspect of the leg and the dorsum of the foot. Ligation of the saphenous nerve during venesection of the great saphenous vein can lead to injury of this nerve, resulting in paresthesia and pain on the dorsum of the foot.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** The common peroneal nerve (also known as the common fibular nerve) is responsible for innervation of the lateral (outer) aspect of the leg and the dorsum of the foot, not the medial aspect.
**Option B:** The superficial peroneal nerve is a branch of the common peroneal nerve and provides sensory innervation to the lateral aspect of the leg and the dorsum of the foot, but it is not the primary nerve involved in this scenario.
**Option C:** The deep peroneal nerve is a branch of the common peroneal nerve and provides sensory innervation to the medial aspect of the dorsum of the foot, but it is not the primary nerve involved in this scenario.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To avoid injury to the saphenous nerve during venesection of the great saphenous vein, surgeons should carefully dissect the nerve and take measures to preserve its integrity.
**Correct Answer: C. The saphenous nerve.**