**Core Concept**
Bitewing radiographs are a type of dental X-ray that provides a two-dimensional representation of the teeth, alveolar bone, and surrounding structures. They are particularly useful for detecting interproximal caries, periodontal disease, and assessing the height of the alveolar bone.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Bitewing radiographs are essential for detecting interproximal caries, which occur between the teeth and are often not visible during a visual examination. This is because the X-ray beam is angled to capture the interproximal areas, allowing for early detection and treatment of caries. Additionally, bitewing radiographs help in assessing the height of the alveolar bone, which is crucial for diagnosing periodontal disease and monitoring its progression.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Bitewing radiographs are not typically used for detecting occlusal caries, which occur on the chewing surface of the teeth. Occlusal caries are better detected using periapical radiographs.
**Option B:** While bitewing radiographs can help in assessing the height of the alveolar bone, they are not the primary tool for detecting periapical pathology, which is better evaluated using periapical radiographs.
**Option C:** Bitewing radiographs do not provide a comprehensive view of the entire dental arch, which is why they are often used in conjunction with periapical radiographs to get a complete picture of the teeth and surrounding structures.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When taking bitewing radiographs, it's essential to ensure that the X-ray beam is angled at 90 degrees to the long axis of the teeth to avoid distortion and ensure accurate diagnosis.

**Correct Answer: D.**