**Core Concept**
Glomerular hematuria is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine due to a primary kidney disorder. In glomerular diseases, the glomeruli, which are the filtering units of the kidneys, are damaged, leading to the leakage of blood into the urine.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In glomerular hematuria, the urine examination typically shows the presence of red blood cells (RBCs), proteinuria (excess protein in the urine), and hemoglobinuria (hemoglobin in the urine). However, the presence of **pus** in the urine is more indicative of a pyelonephritis or a lower urinary tract infection, which is not a characteristic of glomerular hematuria.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Red blood cells (RBCs) are often present in the urine of patients with glomerular hematuria, so this option is incorrect.
**Option B:** Proteinuria is a common finding in glomerular diseases, making this option incorrect.
**Option C:** Hemoglobinuria can occur in glomerular diseases due to the breakdown of RBCs, making this option incorrect.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In a case of hematuria, it is essential to differentiate between glomerular and nonglomerular causes. A thorough history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations, including urine examination and imaging studies, are necessary to determine the underlying cause of hematuria.
**Correct Answer: D. Pus**
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