**Question:** After undergoing a partial cystectomy for carcinoma of the rectum, a 76-year-old woman develops a vesicovaginal fistula. The repair will have a higher chance of success if which of the following occurs?

A. Early repair
B. Avoiding infection
C. Adequate preoperative planning
D. Proper tissue handling during surgery

**Correct Answer:** .

**Core Concept:**
In the context of a vesicovaginal fistula following a partial cystectomy, the key to successful repair lies in proper preoperative planning, adequate tissue handling during surgery, and timely intervention.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
The correct answer "C. Adequate preoperative planning" is essential because a thorough preoperative evaluation helps identify potential complications and plan the surgical approach accordingly. This can minimize the risk of fistula formation and facilitate a more successful repair.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. Early repair (Option A) is not always the best approach. While timely intervention is important, the repair should be performed once the fistula has stabilized, and proper preoperative planning has been done. Delaying repair for a few weeks ensures optimal conditions for successful fistula closure.

B. Avoiding infection (Option B) is crucial but not the sole factor determining repair success. Preventing infection is important but should not be the sole focus, as the other factors mentioned in the correct answer must also be addressed.

D. Proper tissue handling during surgery (Option D) is crucial, but it is only one aspect of the correct answer. While handling tissues carefully during surgery is essential, proper preoperative planning and timely repair also contribute to successful fistula closure.

**Clinical Pearl:**
Proper surgical technique, including adequate preoperative planning, minimizing fistula formation, and timely repair, are essential for the successful repair of vesicovaginal fistulae following partial cystectomy. Timing and infection prevention are important but should not be the sole focus, as proper preoperative planning and careful tissue handling during surgery also contribute to successful fistula closure.