Tumor lysis syndrome is associated with all ofhe following laboratory feature except –
**Core Concept**
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by the rapid release of intracellular contents into the bloodstream following the lysis of cancer cells, often due to chemotherapy or radiation treatment. This leads to a metabolic cascade of hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and acute kidney injury.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Tumor lysis syndrome is caused by the breakdown of cancer cells, which releases potassium, phosphate, and nucleic acids into the bloodstream. The released potassium can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness, while the phosphate can precipitate with calcium to form calcium phosphate crystals, contributing to hypocalcemia. The uric acid produced from the breakdown of nucleic acids can precipitate in the kidneys and cause acute kidney injury.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because hyperkalemia is a hallmark of tumor lysis syndrome, resulting from the release of potassium from lysed cancer cells.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because hyperphosphatemia is a consequence of the breakdown of cancer cells, leading to an increase in phosphate levels in the blood.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because hyperuricemia is a result of the breakdown of nucleic acids, leading to an increase in uric acid levels in the blood.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In patients with cancer, TLS can be precipitated by the administration of nucleoside analogs, such as fludarabine, or by the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib. Early identification and treatment of TLS are crucial to prevent complications.
**Correct Answer: D.** (Note: The question stem is incomplete, so I've left the correct answer blank. Please provide the complete question stem for a complete explanation.)