True regarding umbilical hernia is/are all except?
Correct Answer: More common in males
Description: Ans. is 'b' i.e., More common in malesoAn umbilical hernia mostly congetital, is a hernia present at the site of the umbilicus through a persistent umbilical ring.oBoys and girls are equally affected in congenital where as acquired is three times more common in women than in men. An acquired umbilical hernia directly results from increased intra-abdominal pressure.oIn congenital umbilical hernia, which is especially common in premature infants, the intestines return normally into the body cavity, but the musculature (rectus abdominis) of the ventral abdominal wall fails to close the umbilical ring (diastasis recti), thus allowing a varying amount of omentum or bowel to protrude through.oIf these hernias are asymptomatic, reducible, and don't enlarge, no surgery is needed (and in other cases it must be considered).Umbilical herniaoAn umbilical hernia, mostly congetital, is a hernia present at the site of the umbilicus through a persistent umbilical ring. The hernia sac is peritoneum, which is frequently adherent to the dermis of the umbilical skin. It can be congenital or acquired.oIn congenital umbilical hernia, which is especially common in premature infants, the intestines return normally into the body cavity, but the musculature (rectus abdominis) of the ventral abdominal wall fails to close the umbilical ring (diastasis recti), thus allowing a varying amount of omentum or bowel to protrude through.A) Congenital#More common type. Congenital umbilical hernia is a congenital malformation of umbilicus.; Common in infants. Low birth weight and premature infants are also more likely to have an umbilical hernia. Boys and girls are equally affected. It is also found to be more common in children of African descent.#Virtually all pediatric umbilical hernias are congenital.B) Acquired#Occur among adults. It is three times more common in women than in men.#An acquired umbilical hernia directly results from increased intra-abdominal pressure caused by obesity, heavy lifting, a long history of coughing, or multiple pregnancies. Another type of acquired umbilical hernias are incisional hernias, which are hernia developing in a scar following abdominal surgery, e.g. after insertion of laparoscopy trocars through the umbilicus.#Strangulation is uncommon.PresentationoHernias may be asymptomatic and present only as a bulge of the umbilicus. Symptoms may develop when the contracting abdominal wall causes pressure on the hernia contents. This results in abdominal pain or discomfort. These symptoms may be worsened by the patient lifting or straining.oIf a physician gently pushes on the bulge when a child is lying down and calm, it will usually get smaller or go back into the abdomen.oIncarceration refers to the inability to reduce the hernia back into the abdominal cavity because intestines get trapped within the umbilical hernia. Prolonged incarceration can lead to tissue ischemia (strangulation) and shock when untreated Sometimes the. When this occurs, the child usually has severe pain and the bulge may be firm and red.oThe size of the base of the herniated tissue is inversely correlated with risk of strangulation (i.e., a narrow base is more likely to strangulate).TreatmentoAlthough sometimes quite large, these hernias tend to resolve without any treatment by around the age of 2-3 years. Surgery is needed if they do not close by themselves by the age of 5 years.oIf these hernias are asymptomatic, reducible, and don't enlarge, no surgery is needed (and in other cases it must be considered).
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