True about VSD is all except –
**Core Concept**
A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by an abnormal opening in the interventricular septum, leading to left-to-right shunting of blood between the left and right ventricles. This results in increased pulmonary blood flow and potential pulmonary hypertension.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the clinical manifestations and consequences of VSD. The left-to-right shunt in VSD can lead to increased pulmonary blood flow, which can cause pulmonary congestion, edema, and eventually pulmonary hypertension. This can also lead to cardiac failure, arrhythmias, and even sudden death in severe cases.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because VSD is not typically associated with aortic regurgitation. Aortic regurgitation is more commonly associated with conditions that affect the aortic valve, such as bicuspid aortic valve or rheumatic heart disease.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because VSD is not typically associated with mitral stenosis. Mitral stenosis is more commonly associated with conditions that affect the mitral valve, such as rheumatic heart disease.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because VSD is not typically associated with coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease is more commonly associated with conditions that affect the coronary arteries, such as atherosclerosis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key clinical feature of VSD is the presence of a harsh, pansystolic murmur best heard at the left lower sternal border. This murmur is due to the turbulent blood flow across the VSD.
**Correct Answer:** D