True about RIBOZYME: (AIIMS November 2013, November 20/3)
**Core Concept**
A ribozyme is an RNA molecule that has the ability to catalyze specific chemical reactions, similar to enzymes. This property allows ribozymes to cleave or join RNA or DNA molecules, making them crucial in various biological processes such as gene regulation and RNA processing.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the definition and function of ribozymes. Ribozymes are RNA molecules that can catalyze specific chemical reactions, such as cleavage or ligation of RNA or DNA molecules. They work by forming a specific three-dimensional structure that positions the substrates for the reaction to occur. Enzymatic activity of ribozymes is due to their unique structure, which allows them to bind and position the substrates for efficient chemical transformation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because ribozymes are not necessarily involved in protein synthesis. While they can be involved in RNA processing, their primary function is not related to translation.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because ribozymes are not unique to viruses. They are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and play various roles in gene regulation and RNA processing.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because ribozymes are not directly involved in DNA replication. While they can cleave or join DNA molecules, their primary function is not related to DNA replication.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
One important fact about ribozymes is that they have potential therapeutic applications, such as in the treatment of viral infections or cancer. By designing ribozymes that can specifically cleave viral RNA or tumor suppressor genes, researchers can develop new treatments that target the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease.
**Correct Answer: B. Ribozymes are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.