True about leukemia in Down’s syndrome is
**Core Concept**
Leukemia in Down's syndrome is a unique entity with distinct clinical and biological characteristics. It is known to have a higher incidence of certain types of leukemia, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), in individuals with Down's syndrome.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The pathogenesis of leukemia in Down's syndrome is thought to be related to the presence of extra copies of chromosome 21, which carries the gene for GATA1, a transcription factor important for hematopoiesis. Individuals with Down's syndrome are more prone to develop ALL, particularly the MLL-rearranged subtype, which is associated with a favorable prognosis. The presence of Down's syndrome also increases the risk of AML, particularly the megakaryoblastic subtype.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect as it does not specify the type of leukemia or the association with Down's syndrome.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the relationship between Down's syndrome and leukemia.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as it is too broad and does not specifically address the unique features of leukemia in Down's syndrome.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Individuals with Down's syndrome are at increased risk of developing leukemia, particularly ALL and AML, and should be closely monitored for signs and symptoms of leukemia.
**Correct Answer: C. Leukemia in Down's syndrome is associated with a higher incidence of MLL-rearranged ALL and megakaryoblastic AML.**