True about hyperophic pyloric stenosis is all except:
**Core Concept**
Hyperophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a condition characterized by the thickening of the pyloric muscle, leading to gastric outlet obstruction in infants. This condition results in severe vomiting and dehydration, which can be life-threatening if left untreated.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of HPS. The thickening of the pyloric muscle is due to hypertrophy, not hyperplasia. The pyloric muscle becomes thickened due to an increase in the number of smooth muscle cells, but not due to an increase in the size of the cells themselves. This thickening leads to a narrowing of the pyloric channel, resulting in gastric outlet obstruction.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is a common symptom of HPS, but it is not the correct answer. Vomiting is a classic symptom of HPS, but it is not what makes the statement incorrect.
**Option B:** This option is also a symptom of HPS, but it is not the correct answer. Dehydration is a common complication of HPS due to persistent vomiting, but it is not what makes the statement incorrect.
**Option C:** This option is a common complication of HPS, but it is not the correct answer. Electrolyte imbalance is a common complication of HPS due to persistent vomiting, but it is not what makes the statement incorrect.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The "olive" sign is a classic physical examination finding in HPS. The enlarged pyloric muscle can be palpated as an olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.
**Correct Answer:** None of the above statements is incorrect regarding HPS symptoms.