True about Apoptosis all EXCEPT:
**Core Concept**
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death, a vital cellular process that eliminates damaged, unwanted, or excess cells from the body. It involves a series of cellular changes, including DNA fragmentation, membrane blebbing, and chromatin condensation, ultimately leading to the phagocytosis of the dead cell. This process is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and preventing cancer.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Apoptosis is characterized by the activation of caspases, a family of cysteine proteases that play a central role in the execution phase of cell death. The intrinsic pathway, also known as the mitochondrial pathway, is initiated by the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, which binds to Apaf-1 and activates caspase-9. This cascade of caspase activation leads to the cleavage of cellular substrates, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in DNA fragmentation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This statement is correct about apoptosis and will be eliminated from the list of incorrect options.
**Option B:** Incorrect because apoptosis typically involves the activation of caspases, not the inhibition of cell division.
**Option C:** Incorrect because apoptosis is characterized by the activation of caspases, not the inhibition of apoptosis.
**Option D:** Incorrect because apoptosis involves the activation of caspases, not the promotion of cell growth.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key feature of apoptosis is the absence of inflammation, unlike necrosis, which leads to an inflammatory response. This is because apoptotic cells are quickly phagocytosed by macrophages, preventing the release of pro-inflammatory mediators.
**Correct Answer:** B.