True about achalasia cardio, all except:
**Core Concept**
Achalasia cardia is a primary esophageal motility disorder characterized by the failure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax, resulting in difficulty swallowing and regurgitation of food. The pathophysiology involves impaired peristalsis, incomplete LES relaxation, and abnormal esophageal contractions.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiological mechanisms of achalasia cardia. In this condition, the degeneration of the myenteric plexus leads to impaired esophageal peristalsis and a failure of the LES to relax, which is responsible for the symptoms of dysphagia and regurgitation. The impaired LES relaxation is a hallmark of achalasia cardia and is often demonstrated during esophageal manometry.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it may be a feature of achalasia cardia, but it's not the only option, and we need more information. However, in general, impaired esophageal peristalsis is indeed a characteristic of achalasia cardia.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is not a true statement about achalasia cardia. The esophageal contractions in achalasia cardia are often abnormal, but they are not typically normal.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it may be a feature of some cases of achalasia cardia, but it's not a universal characteristic. However, in general, the failure of the LES to relax is a hallmark of achalasia cardia.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because it is related to a different condition, such as diffuse esophageal spasm. Achalasia cardia is characterized by impaired peristalsis and LES dysfunction, not normal peristalsis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Achalasia cardia can be diagnosed using esophageal manometry, which demonstrates the failure of the LES to relax and impaired esophageal peristalsis. The diagnosis can be confirmed by esophageal scintigraphy or endoscopy with biopsy.
**Correct Answer:**
Unfortunately, the question was incomplete.